Monday, 3 August 2015

Thermal Interface Materials 2015-2025: Status, Opportunities and Market Forecasts Published By :

Overheating is the most critical issue in the computer industry. It limits further miniaturisation, power, performance and reliability. The escalation of power densities in electronic devices has made efficient heat removal a crucial issue for progress in information, communication, energy harvesting, energy storage and lighting technologies. As long as electronic systems aren’t monolithic, but are built from a wide range of materials such as metals, polymers, ceramics and semiconductors, there will be a need for thermal interface materials.


The contact area between high power, heat generating components and heat sinks can be as low as 3%, due to the micro-scale surface roughness. Thermal interface materials are required to enhance the contact between the surfaces, and decrease thermal interfacial resistance, and increase heat conduction across the interface.

Proper selection of Thermal Interface Materials (TIM) is crucial for the device efficiency. Instead of sophisticated cooling technique, it is often better to invest in the interface material. Without good thermal contact, the use of expensive thermally conducting materials for the components is a waste.

The most appropriate choice of thermal interface material has been shown to:

Reduce total cost of ownership

Eliminate of the need for liquid cooling

Reduce system cooling power consumption

Reduce building power consumption

Increase operational lifetime

The geographic breakdown of sales of thermal interface materials, included in Thermal Interface Materials 2015–2025, demonstrates this is truly a global industry:

Innovation in this industry is driven forward by

Faster computers: With electronic systems becoming faster, hotter, more compact, and portable, the need for better TIMs in consumer and industrial computing will continue.

Greener lighting: LEDs are replacing traditional lighting in more applications, for lower energy and higher brightness, especially in the automotive industry.


Electrification of transport: Heat management is of very high importance in electric vehicles, which have large energy storage systems. As vehicles incorporate more and more electrics and electronics, thermal management will become increasingly important.

Better connectivity: As a wider-reaching and more comprehensive wireless network is built, and higher reliability is expected, more, better quality TIM is being used in telecommunications equipment.

Thermal Interface Materials 2015–2025 includes a technology appraisal of the ten key technologies:

Pressure-Sensitive Adhesive Tapes

Thermal Adhesives

Thermal Greases

Thermal Gels, Pastes and Liquids

Elastomeric Pads

Phase Change Materials

Graphite

Solders and Phase Change Metals

Compressible Interface Materials

Liquid Metals

The technologies and chemistries are described and compared, and performance data from a wide selection of commercially available products is benchmarked.

There are many current and growing opportunities for these technologies to be used in the following markets:

LED lighting

Photovoltaics

Lasers

Telecommunications equipment

Automotive electronics

Industrial computing

Defence and aerospace electronics

Consumer and mobile handheld electronics

Medical electronics

Wireless sensor networks

PCB testing equipment

The importance and uses of TIMs in these industries, the materials used most frequently and the market size is presented.

The state of the market in 2015, a geographic breakdown of the market, and forecasts to 2025, are separated by TIM type and by application. These have been compiled after an extensive interview program with thermal interface material manufacturers making a variety of materials, and many different applications, and using financial data published by public companies. Thermal Interface Materials 2015–2025 includes profiles of 29 companies working in this industry.


For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1–518–621–2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866–997–4948

Posted by at No comments:

RFID in China 2015–Size, Trend, Analysis, and Forecasts to 2025

The usage of radio frequency identification (RFID) is moving to East Asia. Will manufactures of RFID hardware and software as well as integrators also follow suit?

China already has 85% of the world’s manufacturing capacity and is a major exporter of tags. In addition, the second generation National Identification Card project in China is the largest RFID order by value and China is delivering it by using Chinese-only resources almost exclusively. China is the heavyweight country in the RFID business.


This report provides quantitative data and analysis of RFID technology, market and players in China. Our analysis is based on face-to-face and telephone interviews with RFID companies and solution providers in various RFID markets, giving detailed information and an unprecedented level of insight into China’s RFID industry.

IDTechEx finds that the total RFID market in China was US$1.7 billion in 2014, covering chips, tags (including cards, fobs, labels and all other form factors), readers, software/services and system integration. Our forecasts exclude other Internet of Things technologies such as sensor networks or wireless telecommunications. It also excludes the non-RFID business of RFID companies. This figure is expected to rise to US$4.3 billion by 2025. The value of RFID tags is $430 million in 2014, taking about 25% of the total RFID market. IDTechEx expects that to reach $952 million in 2025.

Like many other countries, RFID industry in China is mainly led and supported by the government. Government policies play an important role in the RFID industrial development. This report gives a detailed analysis of the current market status, value chain and how both the government and market-oriented players will influence the business. The analysis is done based on application sectors, value chain position, frequency band (LF, HF, UHF and MWF) and different regions in China.

Ten year forecasts are provided for RFID in the following sectors:

Airlines and Airports Books, Libraries,

Archiving Financial,

Security and Safety Passport Food Safety,

Animal & Agriculture and Anti-Counterfeiting Healthcare and Medical Land,

Sea Logistics,

Postal Leisure,

Sports and Travel Manufacturing,

Industry and Management Military Retail,

Consumer Goods Transportation and Automotive Others


For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1–518–621–2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866–997–4948

Posted by at No comments:

Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles 2015-2030: Land, Water, Air

This report is intended for those seeking to invest, support, develop, make, sell or use vehicle fuel cell systems and their materials and associated services. It will also assist those participating in the value chain of alternatives, such as batteries and supercapacitors, to understand the considerable opportunities for both collaborative use of their components with fuel cells and scope for common technologies.


Interest is re-igniting in vehicle fuel cells after decades of minimal uptake primarily caused by high costs and lack of hydrogen infrastructure but also affected by several other challenges appraised in this report. It is easy to rehearse why fuel cells in vehicles are in the trough of disillusionment in 2015 but look closer and things are stirring as we progress to more sober forecasts and market positioning to get there.

Indeed now is the time to invest, when so many companies have left the business but the first sales in thousands of fuel cell vehicles — in the form of forklifts — are happening without subsidies and you can newly buy fuel cell cars from top names. From Taiwan and Japan, fuel cell scooters now look plausible, the USA uses fuel cells in military vehicles and now fuel cell buses and cars are even shown to double as the emergency electricity supplies sought in Japan.


Most western automotive manufacturers are preparing fuel cell vehicles for sale but nothing is guaranteed, because, as this report analyses, the other option for zero pollution at point of use, the pure electric battery or supercapacitor vehicle, is also improving rapidly and they will often go head to head in the marketplace. Which will have predominantly green “fuel” first — fuel cell or battery alone? Which will cost least up front and over life? What performance will really be achieved? For example, refuelling time is not fast if you take ages to get to a refuelling station. Energy density of the fuel is irrelevant if the powertrain using it is larger and heavier. This report pricks the bubbles to reveal the genuinely good prospects and the PEM fuel cell, intelligently applied, is one of them.

These complex issues, vital to optimal targeting of investment by auto, chemical, financial, fleet management and other players are appraised in the report. Vitally, it is mainly based on 2015 interviews not out-of-date information. It presents latest conference slides from many key players and new data analysis and forecasts. That means numbers for 2015–2025 and timelines to 2030 including the latest, revised predictions from the leading players and from IDTechEx. This is analysis not evangelism and all pros and cons are considered from a global viewpoint that takes into account the very different attitudes of governments and the very different resources of countries, carefully teasing out success criteria. The emphasis is today and in future not nostalgia from the past. There is a chapter on the background including legal, psychological, standards and other aspects, a chapter on the first commercial success — material handling vehicles, a very detailed chapter on fuel cell cars, a detailed one on buses, one on other fuel cell vehicles land, water and air and one on the fuel cell system manufacturers.


For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1–518–621–2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866–997–4948

Posted by at No comments:

Transparent Conductive Films (TCF) 2015-2025: Forecasts, Markets, Technologies

At IDTechEx we have been closely following and analysing the transparent conductive film market for the past five years. To this end, we interviewed or visited more than 40 innovators, suppliers and end users, organised several conferences around the world, developed a detailed and constantly updated forecast datasheet, and advised our clients globally either through consulting or reports. Our market research report on transparent conductive films is the product of our efforts.


Incumbent eventually pushed beyond its performance limit?

Transparent conductive films serve a variety of markets. They are used in touch screen displays, OLED lighting, OPVs, DSSCs, smart windows, reflective displays, etc. Note that glass-based solutions are used in the display market.

The incumbent technology (ITO on PET) currently dominates the market, controlling in excess of 95% market share. This technology has an established value chain. ITO-on-PET technology however has several performance limits: (1) its sheet resistance is typically between 100–300 ohm/sqr, (2) it can sustain a small fixed curvature, and (3) its manufacturing is subtractive.

The application space is changing but much slower than previously anticipated by many. The incumbent solution is good enough for most existing applications, but emerging sectors may push it to or beyond its performance limit. These applications include large-sized touch screens, OLED lighting, OPVs, DSSCs, smart windows, etc.

A common emerging requirement is low sheet resistance (<50 ohm/sqr) to, for example, maintain the current levels of response time and power consumption at larger touch screen sizes, or to increase efficiency of lighting modules. Another trend is the drive towards robustness in the short term and flexibility in the long term. Both these trends push ITO-on-PET outside of its comfort zone, creating a pull for the development of alternatives.

More-for-less or less-for-more?

The go-to-market strategy for alternatives is substituting an incumbent. Therefore, the claimed value proposition has been centred on a more-for-less strategy, meaning that a higher performance is offered at a lower price. This strategy makes more sense for some alternatives more than others.

Graphene, carbon nanotubes and PEDOT are all mediocre performers. Therefore, the actual value proposition for graphene, carbon nanotubes and PEDOT is same-for-more, same-for-same and less-for-less, respectively. This runs against a substitution go-to-market strategy. It is often noted that all these alternatives provide flexibility, giving them a performance advantage over the incumbent. All alternatives however offer flexibility and truly flexible applications continue to belong to the future.


Graphene, carbon nanotubes and PEDOT are all mediocre performers. Therefore, the actual value proposition for graphene, carbon nanotubes and PEDOT is same-for-more, same-for-same and less-for-less, respectively. This runs against a substitution go-to-market strategy. It is often noted that all these alternatives provide flexibility, giving them a performance advantage over the incumbent. All alternatives however offer flexibility and truly flexible applications continue to belong to the future.

Make or break years

The next two years will be make-or-break years for ITO alternatives. Indeed, we anticipate the ITO alternative scene to consolidate. The ITO alternative market conditions dramatically changed in 2014: the incumbents almost doubled the global production capacity and slashed prices by more than 30% to stave off the threat of substitutes.

In parallel, the market segments in which ITO alternatives commanded a performance advantage disappointed. This is because the sales of large-sized touch displays massively undershot expectations and the emergence of plastic but rigid touch displays proved no panacea because it barely budged ITO from its comfort zone.

The going is getting tough for ITO alternatives. The market has not grown as rapidly as anticipated but the number of ITO alternative suppliers has mushroomed with the proliferation of many ‘me too’ players.

Leading ITO alternatives are here to stay

We feel that the leading ITO alternatives will be here to stay. The reducing ITO film prices will change their value proposition form more-for-less to closer to more-for-same. This will slow the commercialisation rate but we anticipate that silver nanowires and metal mesh will reach $190m and $140m in 2025, respectively. The journey will however be slow as ITO is just good enough in most existing applications.

The battle in the metal mesh area is fought on narrowing the linewidth and improving throughput and yield. In silver nanowires, haze was a point of differentiation but now attention is focused on innovation at the formulation level. In silver nanowires, the first mover advantage will also matter

Next phase of innovation

We feel that the next phase of innovation needs to disrupt the way transparent conducting films are patterned. This a major cost driver and a particular handicap for the incumbent, despite the largely depreciated CapEx (barring new unutilized capacity brought online last year). We already see early-stage innovative solutions being touted around. It is simply the case now that being a little bit better and a little cheaper will no longer cut it in this hugely competitive field.

This report provides a detailed assessment of the transparent conductive film and glass markets. It provides a data-driven and quantitative analysis and benchmarking of the incumbents and all the emerging options. We have interviewed and profiles all the key suppliers and innovators of each type technology, providing you with critical and analysed business intelligence (more than 40 interview-based profiles). We have split the market granularly by application, examining the existing markets such as LCD displays and touch screens (mobile, tablet, notebook, monitor, etc) but also a plethora of emerging ones such as OLED lightings, organic photovoltaics, dye sensitised solar cells, electroluminescent displays, smart windows, flexible wearable devices, etc.

We have built up our detailed market forecast spreadsheet in both sqm and value. We have segmented our forecasts by technology type as well as applications. The technologies that we have covered include ITO-on-Glass, ITO-on-PET, metal mesh, silver nanowires, graphene, carbon nanotubes, PEDOT, etc


For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1–518–621–2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866–997–4948

Posted by at No comments:
Labels: , ,

Power Electronics for Electric Vehicles 2015-2025

Sales of pure electric cars grew over 50% in 2015, ten times the growth of the car market overall. Hybrid electric cars are already a large business. Look at electric vehicles by land, water and air and you see a huge business growing rapidly and increasingly dominated by the electrics and electronics within these vehicles as it rises from about 40% to 70% in the coming decade. This report concerns power electronics for electric vehicles with the emphasis on the largest market, that for on-road vehicles, particularly cars and buses.


It is intended for those seeking to invest, support, develop, make, sell or use power electronics and their components and associated services. It will also assist those participating in the value chain of linked devices, such as batteries, supercapacitors, in-wheel systems, transmissions and electric motors, to understand the considerable opportunities for both collaborative use of their components and even merging with power electronics.

This 206 page report with 95 tables, figures and diagrams is unique in being mainly based on research in 2015 — the very latest. Only this report forecasts the key component, the traction motor inverter from 2014 to 2025 while discussing the full range of other power electronics. Coverage ranges from on board chargers to converters, battery management systems and power conditioning for the new multiple energy harvesting. Emphasis is on the present and future and distilled information with circuit diagrams and many ghost pictures of the vehicles showing layout. Ten year forecasts by numbers of no less than 37 EV categories are given. These are behind the rapid value market growth projected by IDTechEx of the traction inverter market for electric vehicles of $16 billion in 2014 leaping to $86 billion in 2025. Detailed assumptions behind all this are declared.

There are charts and tables explaining how the components interact, with trends identified, whether for pure electric, hybrid electric or fuel cell powertrains. A host of slides and 2015 poster displays from recent conferences in Japan, Taiwan, Korea, Germany and elsewhere clarify the very latest views of the participants such as Nissan, Hyundai, Toyota, Honda and Daimler but also thought leaders such as the researchers and Tier One suppliers. Original IDTechEx tables and infographics pull together the analysis. Only a global view makes sense in this subject.


For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1–518–621–2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866–997–4948

Posted by at No comments:
Labels: , ,

Graphene and 2D Materials: Markets, Technologies and Opportunities 2015-2025

Increasingly loss of differentiation

The graphene industry experienced a massive hype in the past 4–5 years, although the hype is beginning to die down and elements of the industry have now even entered the valley of despair.

The number of companies supplying graphene has dramatically increased and now more than 35 suppliers exist. The first batch of companies formed in 2006–2007 are the furthest ahead as the majority of the new companies have little capital or revenue today. Nonetheless, the proliferation of companies is eroding meaningful differentiation all around.


The competitive landscape is further changing as Chinese players have entered the fray with ambitious nominal production capacity announcements. If validated, this will plunge the industry into massive over-capacity with utilisation rates being in the single digits industry-wide. This however is no surprise as players prepare for the volume orders that will emerge out of the undergoing qualification processes.

Substitution go-to-market strategy

Graphene’s commercialisation strategy is mostly centred on substituting an existing or incumbent solution. The incumbent material is varied ranging from graphite, black carbon, ITO, etc. This strategy requires a more-for-less value proposition but graphene is yet to conclusively prove this. The prices are very high, reflecting small volume sample supply but they will fall as volumes appear.


The so-called ‘killer application’ which graphene uniquely enables or in which graphene has a first mover advantage is still missing. The versatility of graphene as a material as well as the sustained multi-billion-dollar R&D investment suggests that an application will be found. This is however impossible to forecast, but does mean that there is a strong upside potential to our forecasts.

Prices are still confused on the market covering a range from tens to thousands of $/Kg. This partly reflects the fact that not all graphene materials are equal. It also reflects the market conditions in which sales still mostly stem from small-volume research samples that command a high prices. Many suppliers also worry about triggering a premature commoditization. The strong downward price pressures are how intrinsic to the go-to-market strategy and several players have started to set the trend in price lowering.

Intermediary are needed to unblock the market

Graphene reaches the end application or market via an intermediary (e.g., an ink or a masterbatch). It is critical to develop intermediaries in order to unblock the market, cut down the time-to-market and reduce end user risk/uncertainty. At the same time, graphene is least dangerous to handle when it is in a stable pre-dispersed medium.

This however is not straightforward because graphene is hard to formulate or compound thanks to its large surface area and tendency to aggregate or re-stack. In fact, we believe that graphene quality — a subject of constant debate- will find meaning only at the intermediary level. At this level, the product quality will reflect the properties of the graphene as well as the skill of the compounder.

Application assessment

Graphene has an extraordinary set of properties. It therefore has potential across many applications. This is a particular risk for small poorly-capitalised company because they risk over-dosing on the diverse opportunity if they don’t choose their target applications carefully.

The graphene market today is dominated by research sales although the robust sales pipelines being built now suggests that the market composition will dramatically change in the decade to come. The largest sectors will be composites, energy storage and functional/conductive coatings, although each one will be split across several sub-sectors. Graphene platelets will dominate the sales particularly as their selling prices plunge, while graphene sheets will remain a small niche that will grow only from 2019/2020 onwards.

Transparent conductive films will remain a challenging market. Here graphene sheet is a substitute that offers a less-for-more value proposition compared to the incumbent (ITO films) and other leading ITO alternatives. This will not fly in an already rapidly consolidating market.

Graphene conductive inks are occupying the vast performance space between carbon and metallic pastes. Success will come as the performance inches towards the 1 ohm/sqr target and the prices fall. This will be the first sector to convert potential to revenues.

Supercapacitors remain an unproven market as actual graphene electrodes punch well below their theoretical limit due to graphene stacking, poor surface utilisation and poor out-of-plane conductivity. It will hard to displace activated carbon en-mass, although recent commercial-level results suggest that graphene will offer a more-for-more value proposition which will work in some niche sectors. Graphene-enabled electrodes will improve capacity retention at high discharge rates, and will extend the cycle life of post-lithium ion batteries like Si anode and Li sulphur (GO works better here than rGO). These markets will increasingly grow in the medium-to-term.

Graphene additives give rise to electrical and thermal conductivity, reduced permeation and increased mechanical strength. Here, graphene should either enable a more efficient material utilisation or a much higher performance. The former means that a higher $/Kg price can still result in the same overall cost to the user (less of a more expensive material); while the latter will enable a more-for-same or more-for-more value proposition compared to other alternatives.

Graphene will fail in transistor applications although other 2D material may have a chance (ultra-long term). Graphene will find success in some sensor types in the medium to long term. Price will remain a prohibiting factor in high-volume anti-corrosion applications for the foreseeable future.


For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1–518–621–2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866–997–4948

Posted by at No comments:
Labels: ,

The Rise of Perovskite Solar Cells 2015-2025

ResearchMoz.us include new market research report"The Rise of Perovskite Solar Cells 2015-2025 " to its huge collection of research reports.


As one of the top ten science breakthroughs of 2013, perovskite solar cells have shown potential both in the rapid efficiency improvement (from 2.2% in 2006 to the latest record 20.1% in 2014) and in cheap material and manufacturing costs. Perovskite solar cells have attracted tremendous attention from the likes of DSSC and OPVs with greater potential. Many companies and research institutes that focused on DSSCs and OPVs now transfer attention to perovskites with few research institutes remaining exclusively committed to OPVs and DSSCs.

Perovskite solar cells are a breath of fresh air in the emerging photovoltaic technology landscape. They have amazed with an incredibly fast efficiency improvement, going from just 2% in 2006 to over 20.1% in 2015.

To Browse a Full Report with TOC: http://www.researchmoz.us/the-rise-of-perovskite-solar-cells-2015-2025-report.html


Photovoltaic (PV) technologies are basically divided into two big categories: wafer-based PV (also called 1st generation PV) and thin-film cell PV.


Traditional crystalline silicon (c-Si) cells (both single crystalline silicon and multi-crystalline silicon) and gallium arsenide (GaAs) cells belong to the wafer-based PVs. Among different single-junction solar technologies, GaAs exhibits the highest efficiency, followed by c-Si cells. The latter dominates the current PV market (about 90% market share).


Thin-film cells normally absorb light 10-100 times more efficiently than silicon, allowing the use of films of just a few microns thick. Cadmium telluride (CdTe) technology has been successfully commercialized, with more than 20% cell efficiency and 17.5% module efficiency record. CdTe cells currently take about 5% of the total market. Other commercial thin-film technologies include hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) and copper indium gallium (di)selenide (CIGS) cells, taking approximately 2% market share each today. Copper zinc tin sulphide technology has been developed for years and it will still require some time for real commercialization.

To Download Sample Report With TOC: http://www.researchmoz.us/enquiry.php?type=sample&repid=291107


The emerging thin-film PVs are also called 3rd generation PVs, which refer to PVs using technologies that have the potential to overcome Shockley-Queisser limit or are based on novel semiconductors. The 3rd generation PVs include DSSC, organic photovoltaic (OPV), quantum dot (QD) PV and perovskite PV. The cell efficiencies of perovskite are approaching that of commercialized 2nd generation technologies such as CdTe and CIGS. Other emerging PV technologies are still struggling with lab cell efficiencies lower than 15%.

High and rapidly improved efficiencies, as well as low potential material & processing costs are not the only advantages of perovskite solar cells. Flexibility, semi-transparency, tailored form factors, thin-film, light-weight are other value propositions of perovskite solar cells.


With so many improvements, perovskite solar cell technology is still in the early stages of commercialization compared with other mature solar technologies as there are a number of concerns remaining such as stability, toxicity of lead in the most popular perovskite materials, scaling-up, etc. Crystalline silicon PV modules have fallen from $76.67/W in 1977 to $0.4-0.5/W with fair efficiency in early 2015.


Will perovskite solar cells be able to compete with silicon solar cells which dominate the PV market now?


What is the status of the technology?


What are the potential markets?


Who is working on it?


These questions will be answered in this report.


The report will also benchmark other photovoltaic technologies including crystalline silicon, GaAs, amorphous silicon, CdTe, CIGS, CZTS, DSSC, OPV and quantum dot PV. Cost analysis is provided for future perovskite solar cells. A 10-year market forecast is given based on different application segments. Possible fabrication methods and material choices are discussed as well.


The market forecast is provided based on the following applications:


Smart glass


BIPV


Outdoor furniture


Perovskites in tandem solar cells


Utility


Portable devices


Third world/developing countries for off-grid applications


Automotive


Others



To Download Sample Report With TOC: http://www.researchmoz.us/enquiry.php?type=sample&repid=291107



For More Information Kindly Contact:
ResearchMoz
Mr. Nachiket Ghumare, +1-518-621-2074
USA-Canada Toll Free: 866-997-4948
Email: sales@researchmoz.us
WebSite:http://www.researchmoz.us/
Posted by at No comments:
Subscribe to: Posts (Atom)